Spatio-temporal Changes of St. Martin Island from 2005 to 2023

Ahnaf Tazwar Torsa*, Most. Mokarroma Sumi, Dr. Md. Rahedul Islam

Abstract

St. Martin Island has changed over the past years, with booming tourism replacing agricultural land and altering landscapes. This study investigates the land use and land cover changes on the island, spanning the years from 2005 to 2023. Using Landsat 5, Landsat 8, and Sentinel 2 imagery alongside remote sensing and GIS technologies, landuse maps were generated for 2005, 2015, and 2023. Emphasizing the accuracy assessment and validation processes, the study reveals substantial transformations in this island’s landscape. The key findings highlight a rapid expansion of built-up areas (17.73%), especially in the northern regions, driven by the increasing coastal tourism. Concurrently, agricultural land has dwindled (3.87%), reflecting changing land use practices and priorities. Vegetation exhibited dynamic fluctuations (increased by 3.17%), influenced by urbanization and reforestation. These changes have environmental implications. Including, potential habitat disruption and ecological consequences. Recommendations include sustainable tourism planning, agricultural preservation, vegetation restoration, careful infrastructure development, data monitoring, and community engagement. The proposed strategies aim to balance the island’s economic development with ecological sustainability, ensuring St. Martin Island’s long-term vitality.

Keywords: LULC Change, change detection, GIS analysis, St. Martin Island, Urbanization

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